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--- mywiki:linux:tc-ca [2025/08/29 11:06] – gshao
+++ mywiki:linux:tc-ca [2025/08/29 16:35] (current) – [Example to create below queue structures] gshao
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+====== Difference between ingress/egress qdisc ======
 | Feature | Ingress Qdisc | egress Qdisc |
 | Direction | Incoming traffic | Outgoing traffic |
@@ Line 6: / Line 9: @@
 | Shaping Support | ❌ Not supported | ✅ Supported |
 | Example Qdisc | ingress | htb, fq_codel, tbf, etc. |
-| create qdisc | tc qdisc add dev <interface> handle ffff: ingress |
+| create qdisc | tc qdisc add dev <interface> **handle ffff:** ingress | tc qdisc add dev <interface> **root handle** 1: htb default 10 |
-| create filter | tc filter add dev <interface> parent ffff: \ \\ protocol ip prio 1 u32 match ip src 0.0.0.0/0 \ \\  police rate 1mbit burst 10k drop flowid :1 |
+| create filter | tc filter add dev <interface> **parent ffff:** \ \\ protocol ip prio 1 u32 match ip src 0.0.0.0/0 \ \\  police rate 1mbit burst 10k drop flowid :1 | tc class add dev <interface> **parent 1:** classid 1:10 htb rate 1mbit \\ tc filter add dev <interface> protocol ip **parent 1:** prio 1 u32 \ \\ match ip dst 0.0.0.0/0 flowid 1:10 |
+Note:
+  * **handle ffff:** is a reserved handle for ingress and **parent ffff:** refers to the ingress qdisc.
+  * **root** refers to the egress qdisc.
+  * **police** is used to enforce rate limits.
+  * **htb** is a **hierarchical** token bucket used for shaping.
+  * **flowid** assigns traffic to **a specific class**.
+  * **tc class** is only for egress qdisc, not ingress qdisc
+  * **lowid :1** in this ingress command is a label or tag used for accounting and statistics: tc filter add dev <interface> parent ffff: protocol ip prio 1 u32 match ip src 0.0.0.0/0 police rate 1mbit burst 10k drop **flowid :1**
+====== Example to create below queue structures ======
+<code>
+Queue 1 ─┐
+Queue 2 ─┘→ Scheduler 1 → Scheduler 2 → Root Egress Qdisc (eth1)
+Queue 3 ─┐
+Queue 4 ─┘→ Scheduler 3 → Scheduler 4 → Root Egress Qdisc (eth1)
+</code>
+Note:
+  * use **tc class** to create queue/scheduler structure
+  * use **tc filter** to map traffic to queue
+<code bash t.sh>
+# Step 1: Add root HTB qdisc to eth1
+tc qdisc add dev eth1 root handle 1: htb default 100
+# Step 2: Create top-level classes (Scheduler 2 and Scheduler 4)
+tc class add dev eth1 parent 1: classid 1:10 htb rate 10mbit  # Scheduler 2
+tc class add dev eth1 parent 1: classid 1:20 htb rate 10mbit  # Scheduler 4
+# Step 3: Create second-level classes (Scheduler 1 and Scheduler 3)
+tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:10 classid 1:11 htb rate 5mbit  # Scheduler 1
+tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:20 classid 1:21 htb rate 5mbit  # Scheduler 3
+# Step 4: Create leaf classes (Queues)
+tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:11 classid 1:111 htb rate 2mbit  # Queue 1
+tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:11 classid 1:112 htb rate 3mbit  # Queue 2
+tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:21 classid 1:211 htb rate 2mbit  # Queue 3
+tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:21 classid 1:212 htb rate 3mbit  # Queue 4
+# Step 5: Attach filters to classify traffic into queues
+# You can change IPs or match conditions as needed
+# Queue 1: traffic from 192.168.1.1
+tc filter add dev eth1 protocol ip parent 1: prio 1 u32 \
+    match ip src 192.168.1.1/32 flowid 1:111
+# Queue 2: traffic from 192.168.1.2
+tc filter add dev eth1 protocol ip parent 1: prio 1 u32 \
+    match ip src 192.168.1.2/32 flowid 1:112
+# Queue 3: traffic from 192.168.1.3
+tc filter add dev eth1 protocol ip parent 1: prio 1 u32 \
+    match ip src 192.168.1.3/32 flowid 1:211
+# Queue 4: traffic from 192.168.1.4
+tc filter add dev eth1 protocol ip parent 1: prio 1 u32 \
+    match ip src 192.168.1.4/32 flowid 1:212
+</code>
+Delete filter example:
+  * filter del dev eth1 protocol ip parent 1: prio 1
+Delete class example:
+  * tc class del dev eth1 classid 1:111  # Queue 1
+  * tc class del dev eth1 classid 1:112  # Queue 2
+  * tc class del dev eth1 classid 1:211  # Queue 3
+  * tc class del dev eth1 classid 1:212  # Queue 4
+  * tc class del dev eth1 classid 1:11   # Scheduler 1
+  * tc class del dev eth1 classid 1:21   # Scheduler 3
+  * tc class del dev eth1 classid 1:10   # Scheduler 2
+  * tc class del dev eth1 classid 1:20   # Scheduler 4
+Delete qdisc example:
+  * tc qdisc del dev eth1 root
+====== example to create multiple chains in the ingress qdisc ======
+====== example to create multiple chains in the egress qdisc ======